The National Museum of Anthropology offers visitors a global view of the culture of various peoples and also establishes the cultural similarities and differences that unite or separate them, demonstrating the wealth and diversity of cultures throughout the world.

Its assets include objects from the five continents as well as a physical anthropology collection. Some of the most important pieces include Philippine wood carvings, African masks, the physical anthropology collection, a set of Inuit clothing and statues of Buddha.